Life cycle of a penguin

New mnemonic

New words from reading

 Tuesday 23rd July 2019

Big idea: within each kingdom there are more different groups that classify animals. 

• Prokaryotes - a name of a kingdom 
• Etc means etcetera
• Interbreed - when two different animals have babies together

Mnemonics help us remember hard things, for example NEVER EAT SOGGY WEETBIX helps us remember North East South West. 

This is the mnemonic i learnt to help me remember the order:

Keep Ponds Clean Or fish get sick

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order 

Family

Genus

Species  

Animal kingdom words

New words from animal kingdom reading

Monday’s reading

• Organism - a living thing
• Vertebrate - has a spine
• Invertebrate - has no spine 
• Taxonomy - a way to group things
• Diverse - a big range 
• Amphibians - 
• Heterotrophic - means they must find and eat food
• Primates (apes, monkeys)
• Rodents (rats, squirrels)
• Cetaceans (dolphins, whales)
• Marsupials (kangaroos, koalas)
• Monotremes (egg laying mammals like the platypus)
• Autotrophic - make their own food by photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis - how plants make their own food
• Vascular - uses roots to absorb water
• Nonvascular - uses the whole plant to absorb water
• Decompose, decomposition - to break down
• Non-flowering - no flowers 
• Thermophiles - (root word is thermo which is about temperature) 

Big ideas from the reading 

• All living things are called organisms. 
• They are organised into 6 groups called kingdoms. Each group has certain characteristics that each organism must have. 
• Animals
• Can move on their own
• Are heterotrophic (can’t make their own food)
• Must eat to survive
• Vertebrates and invertebrates 
• Plants 

• They are Autotrophic (they make their own food)
• Some are vascular and nonvascular. 
• If a plant has seeds or fruit, it is a flowering plant.

• Eubacteria

• Are made up of just one cell. They are everywhere. Some bacteria are good and some are bad.
• Bacteria called decomposers break down dead plants and anacteria.

Archaebacteria

• Can survive where no other organism can live.
• Thermophiles, methanogens and halophiles

Fungi 

• Say it fun guy
• Mushrooms are a fungi
• They are heterotrophic (can’a make their own food)
• Use enzymes to break down food

Protista 

• Are related to either plants, animals or fungi (one of them, not related to all of them at the same time)

Mary anning information report

Brainstorm and plan.


Structure
Topic
Words and ideas to use
Introduction


Mary aninngs was a famous fossil finder.
Paragraph 2
Early life
May 21, 1799?She was born in may the 21st 1799.
Lightning?It was a miracle that she got struck by lightning but was still living.
Dad?Her dad was the one that taught her how to find fossils.
Poor - sell stuff?Her family was poor, so she would go to the seashore to find fossils and then sold the fossil.
Paragraph 3
Discovering fossils
Curios ?She was eager because she wanted to learn about the fossils she found.
Lyme Regis?Lyme regis is the place where Mary lived
Skull of a crocodile - brother - 12 years old?Her brother took her to the cliffs and showed her the skull of the crocodile when she was 12 yrs old.
Extinction was a new idea?They didn’t know about history,they didn’t believe her so she made the word extinction.
1812 - ichthyosaur?She found the ichthyosaur
1824 - plesiosaur?She found the plesiosaur near the cliffs in lyme regis in 1824
Georges Cuvier?Georges Cuvier is a french Zoologist.
Paragraph 4
Later
1847 died cancer?In 1847 she died from cancer when she was 47 years old.
Conclusion


This was important because she spent her whole life looking for fossils.

Dinosaur report

Dinosaurs
By Tisharn and Marlene

Paleontologist
A palaeontology is a scientist that studies on ancient things including dinosaurs.
Did you know that Joan Wiffen was the First person that found a fossil in new zealand When she found one she became famous  . other people like Richard Owen and Mary Anning. People found a one big fossil they didn’t know What it was so they send it to London,England were Richard Owen was.  He looks at it.It was the biggest  Animal on Earth it was called  Moa. Mary Anning grew up in lyme regis on england’s south coast.
Fossils
Fossils are dead animals or plants. They are usually skeletons found embedded in rock. Sometimes fossils are footprints or poo. Small animals or insects get stuck in tree sap which hardens and traps them forever. Large animals can get trapped in ice, or their carcass gets trapped in layers of rock. Over thousands of years, pressure builds up and the ground. Next the mould left is filled with minerals that form rock. This rock shape is the fossil - an exact replica of the dinosaurs. This process takes 10,000 years. Palaeontologists find fossils when the top layer of dirt or rock washes away.

Age of dinosaurs
The triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million from the end of the permian period 251.9 million years ago, to the beginning of the to the Jurassic Period 201.3 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era.
200 Million years ago small mammals appear,150 Million years ago birds evolved from dinosaurs and 130 Million years ago First snakes evolved from lizards.
What were dinosaurs like?
Dinosaurs that had 2 feet were called bipedal and 4 feet dinosaurs were called quadruped. The 4 types of groups were called Theropods,sauropods,ankylosaur and pterosaur. Avian(birds) is a dinosaur that is a flying reptile,Dinosaurs ruled the land while the pterosaurs ruled the sky. Non Avian are not birds,they are dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are not lizards because lizards legs are on the side of their body but dinosaurs legs are under their bodies,and dinosaurs have a hole in their skull unlike a lizard. Dinosaurs have modifications (which means changes) such as spikes, armour, horns or crests. For example a Triceratops have horns and crest to protect them. Sauropods and ankylosaur are herbivores (only eat plants),Tyrannosaurus rex and velociraptor are carnivores (only meat eaters). Ornithomimus and Oviraptor were omnivores(meat and plant eaters) and they also ate eggs and insects. All dinosaurs have babies by laying eggs,but if the dinosaur that is looking after the egg is gone to get food it moves the egg and the rest of the clade (Family) looked after the egg. Some dinosaurs were small and some dinosaurs were big. For example A t rex is 40 feet tall and 15 to 20 feet long.A Xixianykus is 20 cm tall and 50 cm long.T rex could run 45 miles per hour and a velociraptor can run 64 km per hour.

Extinction event
An extinction event is something when all the animals die and there is no more left.
66 million years ago a meteor hit the earth and it made earthquakes also volcanic eruptions. The other thing people think is that the dinosaurs froze and starved to death.

Age of mammals
Cenzosoic Era means Age of mammals. It is made up of three time periods; Palaeogene period (65-23 mya), Neogene period (23- 2.6 mya) and Quaternary period (2.6-0 mya). Hominins (Humans that walked on 2 feet)Hominins were humans that could start walking on 2 feet, Humans arrived in New Zealand was in the Quaternary period. The other mammals that were living in neogene period was Alligator, mammoth, crocodiles, turtles and other kinds of snakes. The Titanoboa was as long as a bus,it was also  the top of the food chain and when it eats it constraints its prey.

Joan wiffen information report

Brainstorm and plan.

Joan Wiffen
Structure
Topic
Words and ideas to use
Introduction




Paragraph 2
Early life
Born in ??
Lived where??
Married to…?? KIds??
What was her job??

First fossil she ever had was given an Ammonite (fossil of an ancient squid) that made her interested in finding fossils.
Paragraph 3
Discovering fossils
First in NZ. 1975. Mangahouanga Stream in Hawke’s Bay. dinosaur tailbone from a theropod.  From six different species. Joan and family and friends.

Fossils were in rocks, used some special tools to split the rocks open, carried it to her car.
Paragraph 4
Changing ideas about fossils
An Australian paleontologist Dr Ralph Molnar confirmed it was a dinosaur bone in 1980.

Other people started looking for fossils and found some - page 24.
Paragraph 5
Later life
Honorary doctorate in 1994.
Died in ??

She is remembered - her fossils are kept safe. Some are at the University of Auckland, some are at National Paleontological collections at GNS Science in Lower hutt. The first one she found is on display at Te Papa.
Conclusion






Joan wiffen is a fossil hunter. She was the first person to find a theropods tailbone.

Joan Wiffen was born on the 4th of february 1922. She lived in hawkes bay. She had 2 kids and was married to Pont. Her children's name was Judifer and Christopher. Her job was a Palaeontologist.

Joan Wiffen was the first in New Zealand. In 1975 she found a theropods tailbone in manga hounga stream, in a rock. She found six different species. She found the fossils in rock, she used some special tools to split the rock apart and then they carried it to their car then they took it to Te Papa in Wellington or The University of Auckland.

In 1980 an Australian Palaeontologist called Dr Ralph Molnar and told her that she had found part of the dinosaur bones.
Other people started looking for fossils. For Example Dr Greg browne found Dinosaur footprints in  Northwest Nelson, another man called Jeffrey stilwell found several theropods and sauropods bones in chatham island, Brendan Hayes found a very small part  of theropods finger bone in Port waikato ( in the cliffs along the coast.)

Joan wiffen found the fossils before becoming a Palaeontologist in 1994 when she was given an Honorary Doctorate. She died at the age of 87 when she died and she died on the 30th of june 2009.She knows that Te Papa and The University of Auckland will keep her special treasure safe.

Joan Wiffen discovery will be very important and she will be remembered forever. 

Dinosaurs prior knowledge vs New knowledge

Room 7

Dinosaur knowledge

Prior Knowledge	In 2 weeks, we learnt that...
Animal Predator Dino is the root word ‘Saurs’ means something Species  Extinct  Huge Large bones Long necks Eggs  Sharp teeth Long tails Eat people Different kinds Spikes Horns Mammals 4 legs	Bipedal means 2 feet and quadruped means 4 feet. Some dinosaurs are bipedal and some are quadrupeds. Some can change between the two stances. They are sturdy. Theropod is a 3 clawed dinosaurs Dinosaurs are warm-blooded, which means their blood temperature is always the same Carnivore means a meat eater Herbivore means a plant eater Omnivore means it can eat plants and meat Some dinosaurs are huge and some are small. Typically, huge dinosaurs were sluggish (slow).  Dinosaurs died out 66 million years ago. They started existed 230 million years.  They died because of an extinction event, most people think this was because a meteor hit the Earth.  Dinosaurs legs go out the bottom of their hip bones, whereas reptiles bones go to the side of their hips. Reptiles do not have an extra hole in their skull, but dinosaurs do.  Mary Anning found lots of fossils on a cliffside in England in the 19th century. She was born in 1799 and died in 1847. She survived a lightning strike as a baby. In 1824 she found the first fossil.	Non-avian dinosaurs are dinosaurs that are not birds. Avian means birds. Metabolism means how fast or slow your body converts food into energy Diverse means a big range Modifications means changes. Dinosaurs have modifications such as spikes, armour, horns or crests.  Clade means family. Lineage means ancestors/descendants  Paleontologists are scientists that study ancient things including dinosaurs There are 4 main groups of dinosaurs; theropods, sauropods, ankylosaurus and pterosaurs. Titanoboa was top of the food chain after the dinosaurs died. It killed people by constricting people. It spent most of its time in the water because it was super heavy. It was 13m long, as big as a bus.  Hominins existed when 7-6 million years ago, the first humans to walk on 2 feet.  People did not exist when dinosaurs existed.	Adaptation is something that changes over time.  Ecology - how animals relate to each other Fossils are made when dinosaurs die and their bones get trapped in rock or mud. The bones break down over time but leave a mould, which is filled with rock. This becomes the fossil.  Dinosaurs sometimes eat each other.  There were 3 periods of time that have dinosaurs. This is called the ‘age of dinosaurs’ also known as the ‘Mesozoic Era’; Triassic period, Jurassic period, and Cretasous period.  Then there were 3 more periods in time, “Age of mammals”, also known as ‘Cenozoic Era’; Paleogene Period, Neogene period and  Quaternary period. Dinosaur fossils have been found on every continent, including Antarctica. Joan Wiffen found the first dinosaur fossil (a theropods tailbone) in NZ in 1975, in Hawkes Bay. She died in 2009.  Dinosaurs laid eggs and they lived in family groups.